Dishwashing machine



June 10, 1930. cs. WEBB DISHWASHING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet Filed Nov.19, 1926 INVENTOR.

A TTORNE Y.

June 10, 1930. G WEBB 1,762,847

DISHWASHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1926 4'Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

A TTORNE Y.

DISHWASHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR.

A TTORNE Y.

BY 113, flaw June 10, 1930. G. WEBB I DISHWASHING MACHINE Filed Nov.'19, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet '4 INVENTOR. 5 2011475 W hb 3 ATTokNEY.

- Patented 11:0, 9 30 v UNITED" omen GEORGE WEBB, or wns'r,nAn'rronnfeonnnc'rrou'r, ssmnon 'ro cow's rArmq'r FIRE ARMSMANUFACTURING coMrANY, on nAn'rronn, ooNnEc'rIcU'r, A oonro- RATION or'connno'rrour msnwAsnme mAonnm J Application m November 1.19, 1926.Serial no. 148379.

The invention relates particularly to dish washing machines of-therotary type wherein there is provided a casing and a oircularrotarytable therein for carrying the dishes 5 during the Washing operation. Ina washing machine of this type, the dishes are placed upon the tablethrough an opening in the casing and are subsequentlyremoved,preferablythrough the same opening, suitable 10 spray devices beingprovided so that the dishes are completely washedduring a single Ipassage throu h the casing.

One of the 0 )jects of the present invention is to provide an improvedgeneral arrangement of parts whereby the supporting and driving of therotary table is' accomplished more simply and more satisfactorily thanin accordance with prior. practice. 1 Another object'of the invention isto pro videan improved table construction whereby separate partsof thetable may be independently removed to permit inspection; repair orreplacement. Still another object of the invention is to provide animproved arrangement and s, mounting for the spray devices by means ofwhich the washing operation isv efli'ected.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved final orrinsing spray means in combination with other parts of. the machine.

Still other objects of the inventionwill be apparent from the followingspecification and claims.

In the accompanying drawings, I have shown the embodiment of theinvention which I now deem preferable but it will be understood that thedrawings are intended for illustrative purposes only and are not to beconstrued as defining or limiting the scope of the invention; theclaims-forming a part of this specification being relied upon for thatpurpose. V

, Of the drawings, Figure 1 is a front view in section.

Fig.3isarear'view.- i

' a lower part 1 and an upper part 1", one of elevated position and isprovided with a bot;

front of the machine? of a washing machine embodying the inven- Fig. 4is a plan view.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary perspective view of the rotary table, one of thedish supporting sections thereof being shown separated; Fig. 6 is adetail perspective view showing the construction ofone of thedishsupporting sections.

Fig.7 is a detail perspective view showing one of the spray'pipes andthe mounting therefor, the pipe and its mounting shown se arated inorder that the construction may e more clearly understood. f Fig. 8 is,a perspective view part1 in section showing in detail one of the finarinsing nozzles. a

Referring to. the drawings, 1 represents the main casing of the machinewhich is generally cylindrical in form but which is prov V 'vided at thefront with an opening 2 through which dishes to be washed are introduced.or supplied and the washed dishes removed, as will be more clearlyexplained. hereafter." The casing 1 is formed of sheet metal andpreferably as shown in Fig. 2 it comprises the parts, as for instance 1being arranged to telescopically enter the other part, as forinstance 1. This facilitates the construction of the machine andparticular the assem-v blingand dis-assembling thereo The 0 n ing'2 isprovided in the-upper part 1 o the casing and thesaid upper'part isformed in an inward inclined guard orshield 2" immediately above theopening; The casing l is provided with a cover 3 which is preferablyremovable-and which-is preferably provided with an opening at 4 wherebyconnection may be made with a pipe leading to an exhaust apparatus. Thecasing 1 is mounted in an tom'wall 5 which is preferably inclined in onedirection, as for instance, toward the A tank 6 is provided for holdingthe main bodies of washing liquids whichare used and, when the bottomwall-'5 ofthe casing is incl'ined downward toward the front as shown;

the tank 6 is'located at the-front of the inachine so as to receiveliquids flowing alongand discharged from the' said wall. 10o

A suitable frame work is provided for supporting the casing and the tankand theconstruction of this frame work can be wide- 1y varied. As shown,however, it comprises. two front uprights 7, 7 which are extendeddownwardto provide legs and two shorter rear uprights 8, 8 which alsoconstitute legs.- Horizontal members 9 and 10 extend transverselybetween the uprights 7, 7 and 8, 8

respectively. Other horizontal members 11, 11 are located at thesides ofthe machine between the uprights 7, 7 and 8, 8. The tank 6 is connectedwith the uprights 7, 7 and it rests directly upon the horizontal members9 and 11, 11.. The casing 1 is supported partly by the tank 6 and partlyby means of abrace 12 extending upward from the horizontal member 10.

Mounted within the casing 1 is a horizontal rotatable dish carryingtable 13 which is operatively connected with a vertical drive shaft 14,the axes of rotation of the table and the shaft being coincident. Theshaft 14 extends through an opening in the bottom wall 5 and at itslower end it-isconnected with a speed reducingpower transmittingmechanism 15. The transmitting mechanism provided with a horizontal mainshaft 16-adapted to be rotated at a relatively high speed and themechanismisso constructed that-it serves to drive the vertical shaft 14at a speed very much less than that of the shaft 16. As illustrated bydotted lines in I Fig. '3 the mechanism 15 includes a worm 16 on theshaft 16 and a worm wheel 16 on a transverse shaft 16. Carried by thetransverse shaft 16 is a worm 14 which meshes with aworm wheel 14 on thevertical shaft 14. The shaft 14 is supported on a thrust bearing 14 andis guided by a journal bearing 14. As illustrated, a suitable powermeans, such as an electric motor 17 is directly connected with the shaft16 of the mechanism 15.

Located within-the casing 1 above and be low the rotary table 13 arespray pipes, two

sets of such pipes 18, 18 and 19, 19 being shown. These pipes areprovided with holes directed respectively upward and downward so as tothrow sprays or jets of liquid against dishes carried by the table 13.Connected respectively with the said spray pipes are supply pipes 20 and21 which are located outside of the casing and which lead from a pump22.

The suction'side of the pump is supplied areas-17 cast iron or othersuitable material is provi ded for supporting the motor 17, the powertransmitting mechanism 15 and the pump 22.

This plate 26 is carried by theside members '11, 11 of the frame.

Preferably and as shown the table 13 is frictionally connected with theshaft 14 so that the shaft 14 can continue to rotate even though someobstruction occurs which prevents the rotation of the table. Asillustrated, 7 r a hub or flange 27 is rigidly connected to the shaft 14and this is provided with an annular shoulder at 28 which is adapted toreceive and frict-ionally engage the lower surface of a hollow hub 29forming a part of 30 the main frame work of the table 13. Thus the tableis held in place by gravity alonev and has no positive connection withthe shaft. The table is entirely supported by the shaft independently ofany other parts.

For guiding the upper end of the shaft 14 there is provided aself-aligning hearing at 30, this bearing being held by means of ahousing 31 secured to the inclined bottom wall 5 of the casing. In orderto rotect the bearing 30 from the Washing liquids, the before mentionedflange 27 is. provided with a de ending skirt 32 which entirely surrouns the housing 31. There is also preferably provid ed an annular conicalwall 33 which extends upward from the inclined bottom wall 5 into closeproximity to the'lower surface of the hub 29 of the table. This wallserves as an additional means to prevent the washing liquids from havingaccess to the bearing and has other functions as hereinafter explained.

The main frame of the table 13 comprises as already stated a centralhollow hub 29. Spokes such as 34, 34 radiate from the hub 29 and arepreferably connected at their outer 1 5 ends by an annular member 35.Preferably and as shown there is also an inner annular member 36 whichis spaced from the hub 29 and connected therewith by means of spokes 37,37. Preferably all of the parts of 11 theframe as described are formedintegrally, although this is not essential.

Instead of securing the dish carrying parts of the table permanently tothe frame, I pro-- fer to detachably connect them and I further preferto make the said dish carrying parts in sections so that each sectionmay be remoyed independently of the others for inspection, repair orreplacement. To this end, the

.spokes 34, 34 are arranged in pairs as shown,

the spokes of each pair being closely adjacent each other. The severalsectors 38, 38 of the dish support are so constructed and arranged thateach of them is carried by two spokes 34, 34 as clearly indicated inFig. 5. 1.25

Each sector 38 is held in place by gravity and can be lifted off at anytime when desired;

Each sector 38 of the table support preferably comprises a plurality ofstrips 40, 40 of suitable-non-metallic material such as fiber.

Preferably the several 40, 40 are ried respectively by arcuate elements39, 39,

These tie rods serve to hold all of the partsof the sector 38 together.In the operation; of the machine, the non-metallic strips 40, 40 serveto prevent the dishes from breakage.

. Thesestrips are subject to a certain amount of wear and occasionalreplacement may be necessary. When such replacement 1s required, it isonly necessary to remove the tie 38, 38, are constructed as described,the spokes rods 42, 42 thus completely disassembling the dish supportingsector. The worn strips I can then be replaced by new strips and thenthe entire sector reassembled.

When the several dish supporting sectors 34, 34 are preferably providedrespectively with lugs 34, 34 each of which fits between two adjacentarcuate elements 39, 39 of the 5 corresponding sector, and in additionlies adjacent one of the bushings 41 of the sector. The lugs 34 ,34therefore serve to holdthe sectors in place against horizontal movementeither radially or ci'rcumferentially.

The table 13 preferably carries a central cylindrical member 44 which issecured to the hub 29. Connected with the cylindrical member 44 and alsowith the inner member 36 of the table frame are rods 45, 45 surroundedby tubes 46, 46 of fiber or other non-metallic material. These rods andtubes are preferably inclined as shown and serve to hold the dishesagainst inward movement. I The rod and tube construction does not ofitself con stitute any part of the present invention.

Preferably the machine is so'constructed as to have two distinct washingdivisions so that the dishes are subjected to two separate washingoperations during asingle passage through the machine. Two distinctbodies of "washing liquids are maintained which are kept separate fromeach other so far as possible. To this end, the tank 6 is provided witha partition 47 which .divides it into two separate compartments 48 and49. The

4 pump 22 is also made with two distinct pumping chambers 50 and 51 witha dividing wall between and with a rotor (not shown) in each chamber.The pump chamber 50 is supplied from the tank compartment 48 through thepipe 23 and the pump chamber 51 is supplied from 'the tank compartment49 through the pipe 24. Strainers 52 and .53 are located in therespective compartments 48 and 49 and serve to prevent refuse and thelike from entering the respective pipes123. and 2 4. The liquids fromthe pump compartments'50 and 51 are forced through the pipes 20 and21 tothe spray pipes 18, 18 and "19, 19" respectively.

An inspectionof 4 shows that pipes wall 5. The partitions 54 and 55, 55serve to cause the respective washing liquids to pass on opposite sideso'fthe conical wall 33 and thence into the respective tank compartments48'and 49. Removable screens 56.and 56 are provided at the tops of therespective compartments .48 and 49 to catch-the coarser refuse and thelike so as to prevent it from entering the compartments. Access to thescreens may be had through a door 57 in the front of the tank.Additional water may be supplied .to the compartments 48 and 49 throughvalved pipes 58 and 59. Excess liquid in the compartments may flow outthrough overflow pipes 60 and 61*.

Preferably, as clearly shown in Fig.4, the several main spray pipes 18,18 and 19, 19 are located in non-radial positions, that is, they arearranged with their axes tangent to circles concentric with the tableand smaller than the innerdiameter thereof.' The nonradial location hasthe advantage that it reduces the amount of splash of the liquids,particularly against the radial arms or spokes 34, 34 of the table.Inasmuch as the spray pipes are non-radial, they are angularly disposedrelatively to the substantially radial spokes 34, 34 as clearly shown inFig. 4. I

thus avoid the splashing which would otherwise occur if each spokesuddenly received the full force of the spray throughout its entirelength. This non-radial location of the spray pipes has the furtheradyantage of reducing any tendency of the liqulds to mix above thepartition 54. At best, there is a region ofsplash or spatter at thesides of the pipes and thereis less overlap of these regions with thearrangement shown.

Preferably, as shown most clearly 1 n Fig. .7, each main spray pipe suchas 19 is provided at its outer end with a wedge shaped flange 62 havingan outer contact surface a to the nozzles.- The piping 6 struction makesit possible to easily remove the spray pipes for inspection or cleanrngand to easily return them to their'operative positions. 7

In addition to the main spray pipes whlch have been described, Ipreferably provide an additional rinsing spray means whlch acts upon thedishes just prior to their removal from the table. This rinsingv spraymeans comprises nozzles 66, 66 and 66, 66 located respectively above andbelow the table and connected with supply piping 67 through whichfresh'clean hot water ma be delivered is provided with a valve 68. WhileI do not necessarily so limit myself the nozzles 66, 66 and 66 66 areeach preferably constructed as shown in Fig. 8, the construction beingsuch as tolprovide a conicalspray having the liquid uniformlydistributed throughout the conical space. This is in contrast withnozzles heretofore used for similar purposes wherein conical sprays havebeen provided with the liquid moving entirely along the surface of thecone instead of being uniformly distributed therethrough. This uniformdistribution of the sprays is obtained by using a nozzle of the typeillustrated. The nozzle comprises a body portion 69 having a pluralityof holes therein all of which communicate with the supply pipe on whichthe nozzle is carried. These holes 70 are inclined with respect to thetop surface of the nozzle bod and are alsotangent to a cylindrical surace concentric with the axis of the nozzle. A disk 71 is provided havinga central hole 72 therein, and this disk is spaced from the top surfaceof the nozzle body by means of a spacing ring 73. A threaded cap member74 holds the disk 71 and the ring 7 3 in place. By reason of theinclined tangential location of the holes 7 O and by reason of thelocation of the central hole 72, the liquid is caused to form aconical'spray body having the liquid uniformly distributed therethroughas alreadydescribed.

There is preferably provided above the tank 6 and approximately atthelevel of the rotary table a rack 75 upon which dishes may be placedimmediately before being transferred to the rotatable table andimmediately after being removed from the said table. This rack isordinarily constructed of wood and may be removable if desired.

. In the operation, of the machine, the table 13 is slowly rotated inthe direction of the arrow in Fig. 4 and dishes to be washed areintroduced through the opening 2 and placed upon the table. At the sametime the pump 22 is operated at a high speed in order to force powerfuljets or sprays of liquid out of the apertures in the spray pipes 18, 18and,19, 19 on to the dishes upon the table. The first body of liquidcontained in the compartment 48 and delivered through the spray pipes 18vision.

. removinfig in the rst division and also providing a preliminaryrinsing. Finally, the dishes -move past the rinsing spray nozzles 66, 66

and 66", 66 where they are subjected to the action of sprays of cleanwater 'approximately at the boiling temperature. These final spraynozzles serve to not only thoroughly rinse the dishes but also tosterilize them. When they dishes return to the position opposite theopening 2, they are removed by the operator onto the rack 75.

From the foregoing description, it will be obvious that there is atendency for the liquid in the first division to be rapidly cooled byreason of the fact that it is constantly coming into contact with colddishes. In order to maintain this liquid at the proper tempera ture, Iprefer to provide means whereby a small quantity of the hotter liquid inthe second division is constantly transferred to the first division.This I accomplish by means of the transfer pipe 76 which is shown mostclearly in Fig. 3. This pipe is constructed 'to receive liquid throughopenings 77 formed in the bottom wall 5 in the path of the liquid in thesecond washing division. A part of this liquid flows through the holes77 andthrough the pipe 76 into the compartment 48 of the first division.

As already stated, the table 13 is friction-v any foreign matter notremoved the rotation of the table, such as the careless v misplacementof apiece of silverware or a dish so as to engage one of the spraypipes, the rotation of the table will be stopped and the shaft 14 andother parts can continue in operation without any injury to the machine.The drive to the table from the shaft 14 is simple and direct withoutany gearing located in the washing chamber and subjected to the actionof the washing liquids. The sectional construction of the dishsupporting parts of the rotary table enables the non-metallic strips tobe easily replaced when desired. The improved mounting for the severalmain spray pipes permits these pipes to be easily removed for cleaningand thereafter easily replaced-without the necessity of using any tools.

What I claim is: p

1. In a dish washing machine, the combination of an elevated casinghaving a bottom wall and having an opening in'its peripheral wallthrough which soileddishes canbe supplied and Washed dishes removed, avertical shaft extending through the bottom wall ofthe casing, a thrustbearing for the shaft near the lower end thereof, a table in the casingrotatable about a vertical axis coincident with the axis of the shaftand adapted to carry the said dishes during the washing operation, thesaid table being operatively connected with' and entirely supported bythe said shaft, spray devices inside of the casing for directing liquidsagainst dishes carried by the table, a line of horizontal power shaftinglocated beneath the bottom wall of the casing and adapted to be rotatedat a relatively high speed, a pump directly connected with the saidpower shafting to be driven thereby, pipe connections from the pump tothe spray devices, and a speed reducing mechanism connected to be drivenby the said power shafting and serving to rotate the vertical tablerotating shaft at the-.requiredrelatively low speed.

2. In a dish washing machine, the combination of an elevated casinghaving a bottom wall and having an opening in its peripheral wallthrough which soiled dishes can be supplied and washed dishes removed, avertical shaft extending through the bottom wall of the casing, asubstantially horizontal table in thecasing supported entirely upon theshaft and adapted to carry the said. dishes during the washingoperation, the said table being frictionally connected with the shaft soas to be normally rotated thereby but so as to permit rotation of theshaft independently of the table in case rotation of the latter isprevented, spray-devices inside of the casing for directing liquidsagainst dishes carried by the table, a pump, pipe connections from thepump to the spray devices, and mechanism for operating the said pump andvertlcal shaft at relatively high and low'speeds respectively. I

3. Ina dishwashing machine, the combination "of an elevated casinghaving a bottom wall and having an opening in its peripheral wallthrough which soiled dishe's can be supplied and washeddishes removed,-a vertical shaft extending through the bottom wall of the casing, aflange rigidly connected to the shaft within the casing and having anupward facing annular friction surface thereon, asubstantiallyhorizontal rotatable table in the casing adapted to carry the saiddishes during the washingoperatlon and having a hub with a downwardfacing annular friction surface thereon engaging the said frictionsurface of the said flange and serving as the sole means for supportingandfrotating the table, spray-devices inside of the casing for directingliquids against dishes carried by the table, a pump, pipe connectionsfrom the pump to the spray devices, and mechanism dishes carried by thetable,

shaft at relatively high and low speeds -respectively.

4. In a dish washing machine, the combination of an elevated casinghaving a bottom wall and having an openin in its peripheral wall throughwhich soiled ishes can be supplied and washed dishes removed a verticalshaft extending through the bottom wall of the casing, a bearing for-theshaft located above the said bottom wall, an imperforate flange on theshaft above the said bearing, a substantially horizontal table inthecasing adapted to carry the said dishes during the washing operation,the-said table being "supported entirely upon the said flange and being,operatively connected thereto so mally rotated thereby, spray devicesinside of the casing for directing liquids against dishes carried by thetable, a pump, pipe connections from the pump to the spray devices,mechanism for operating the said pump an vertical shaft at relativelyhigh and low speeds respectively, and anannular skirt depending from theflange and'entirely surrounding the said bearing to protect it fromliquids sprayed from the said spray devices.

5. In a dish washing machine, the co'mbination of an elevated casinghaving a bottom wall and havin an opemng in its eri heral wall through.wilich p p plied and washed dishes removed, a vertical as to benorsoiled dishes can be sup-,

shaft extending through the bottom wall of of the casing for directingliquids against a pump, pipe connectlons from the pump to mechanism foroperating the said pump and the spray devices,

yertical shaft at relatively high and' low speeds respectively, anannular skirt depend- I ing from the flange'and entirely-surrounding thesaid bearing to protect it from liquids sprayed from the said spraydevices, andan annular wall outside of the said skirt projecting upwardfrom the bottom wall into closeproximity with the table to furtherprotect the said bearing from liquids. 6. In'a dish washing machine ofthe rotary table type, the combination with a casing, spray devices andoperating mechanism, of a spider within the casing rotatable about.averticalaxis and'comprising a hub with widely spaced supportingelements extending outward therefrom, and a plurality of sim=' ilarsectors ofopen-work construction each detachably mounted on the saidsupporting 1 elements and together 'foimiii asubstantialsectors eachdetachably mounted on the said supporting elements of the spider andtogether forming a substantially continuous and horizontal annular dishsupporting table in' the path of the liquids from the spray devices,each of the said sectors comprising a plurality of arcuate strips spacedapart and concentric with the spider axis and a plurality of radialconnectors between the several strips.

8. In a dish washing machine of the rotary table type, the combinationwith a casing,

spray devices and operating mechanism, of a spider within the casingrotatable about a vertical axis and comprising a hub with wide- 1yspaced supporting elements extending outward therefrom, and apluralityof similar sectors each detachably mounted on the said supportingelements of the spider and together forming a substantially contmuousand horizontal annular dish supporting table in the path of the liquidsfrom the spray devices, each of the said sectors comprising a pluralityof arcu'ate metallic strips spaced apart and concentric with the spideraxls, a similar plurality of stripsof relatively soft non-metallicmaterial carried by and projecting above the respective metallic stripsand a plurality of 'fadial connectors between the several strips.

9. In a dish washing machine of the rotary table type, the combinationwith a casing, spray devices and operating mechanism, of a spider withinthe casing rotatable about a vertical axis and comprising a hub withwidely spaced supporting elements extending outward therefrom, and aplurality of similar sectors each detachably mounted on the saidsupporting elements of the spider and together forming a substantiallycontinuous and horizontal annular dish supporting table in'the path ofthe liquids from the spray devices, each of the said sectors comprisinga plurality of arcuate U-shaped metallic strips spaced apart andconcentric with the spider axis, a similar plurality of strips ofrelatively soft "non-metallic material fitted within the respectiveU-shaped strips and projecting rotary table type, the combination with acasing,spray devices and operating mechanism, of a spider within'thecasing rotatable about a vertical axis and comprising a. hub witha'plurality of pairs of widely spaced supporting .elements extendingoutward therefrom, and a plurality of similar sectors each detachablmounted on the said spider and together. orming' a-substantiallycontinuous and horizontal annular dish supporting table in the path ofthe liquids from the spray devices, each of the said sectors comprisinga plurality of spaced arcuate strips concentric with thespider axis-anddirectly supported upon the said supporting elements of one of the saidpairs andva plurality of radial connectors between the several strips,and means projecting upward from the several supporting elements andextending between the strips of thecorresponding sectors for holding thesaid sectors in fixed relation to the spider.

11. In a' dish washing machine, the combination of a substantiallycylindrical casing having a bottom wall and having an opening in itsperipheral wall through which soiled dishes can be supplied and washeddishes removed, a substantiallyhorizontal annular table in the casingrotatable about a vertical axis and adapted to carry the said dishesduring the washing operation, a partition in the casing below the tablefor dividing the lower portion of the casing into two compartments, twoangularly spaced pairs of spray pipes in the casing above the respectivecompartments, the pipes of each pair being located respectively aboveand below the table for directing liquid downward and upward onto dishesonthe table and the said pipes being inclined forward inthe direction oftable rotation and being tangent to circles concentric with the tableand smaller than the inner diameter thereof, means for separately vreceiving the liquids collected in the two compartments, pump means forseparately returning the liquids to the respective pairs of spray pipes,and mechanism for operating the pump ineans and for rotating the table.

12. In a dish washing machine, the combination of a casing having abottom wall and having an opening in its peripheral wall through whichsoiled dishes can be supplied and washed dishes'removed, means withinthe casing for supporting the said dishes during the washing operation,a substantially GEORGE WEBB.

